Ben Webster, Transport Correspondent
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Families willing to exchange their petrol or diesel car for one that plugs into the mains are being sought to take part in a Government trial of electric vehicles.
They will have to be prepared to run the risk that the car's battery will run flat during a journey and then take several hours to recharge.
In return, they will enjoy running costs of about 2p a mile, discounts on congestion charges and the satisfaction of knowing that their electric cars will be emitting less than half the carbon dioxide of even the most efficient internal combustion engine.
Lessons from the trial, which will start next year and involve up to 100 electric cars in cities across the country, will inform the Government's strategy for accelerating the take-up of electric vehicles.
Speaking to The Times, Geoff Hoon, the transport secretary, said electric cars would appeal most to two-car families who used the second vehicle primarily for short journeys around town.
Even the most advanced electric cars currently being developed have a range of less than 40 miles before they need recharging.
Mr Hoon, who owns a Mini and a Ford Galaxy people carrier, said: "A lot of people have a car for long-distance travelling and a small runabout for taking the kids to school. We need to find out whether electric cars are practical."
"They are not going to be racing up and down the M1 but they are going to be used more around cities," he said.
"We also need to consider how people in tower blocks can recharge their cars. It's not so easy when you don't have a driveway."
Mr Hoon said the London congestion charge exemption for hybrid cars had been very effective in encouraging take-up and he hinted that drivers could be given further incentives to switch to electric vehicles.
The cars used in the trial are likely to be a combination of pure electric vehicles, which are powered only by their batteries, and plug-in hybrids which have a petrol engine that starts up when the battery runs low.
A study by Arup, commissioned by the Department for Transport, found that the number of electric cars in Britain could rise from 2,000 at present to more than 1.5 million by 2020 if the Government acted decisively to stimulate demand. To achieve that, it would need to ensure that by 2015, drivers had easy access to recharging points and that the whole life cost of owning an electric car was comparable with conventional cars.
Arup calculated that, if the major manufacturers committed themselves to mass production of electric cars rather than the small-scale trials seen so far, almost half Britain's cars could be running without fossil fuels by 2030.
Manufacturers were yesterday invited to submit bids by January to participate in the £10 million trial. They must submit plans for recruiting volunteers and lend them cars which emit 50g of carbon dioxide per kilometre or less, half the emissions of a Toyota Prius hybrid.
The trial will be part of a £100 million five-year programme to stimulate the design, manufacture and purchase of electric vehicles.
In a second trial costing £20 million, more than 150 electric vans will be tested by local authorities in Liverpool, Newcastle and Gateshead, Coventry, Leeds and Glasgow.
Among the companies shortlisted to bid to supply the vans are Ford, Land Rover, Nissan and Modec.
A further £50 million of public money will be spent on research into improving the technology, especially the range and life of batteries. It is unclear how the remaining £20 million of the £100 million will be spent.
The Arup report found that electric cars were likely to remain prohibitively expensive for most drivers for several more years, mainly because of the high cost of advanced batteries. It said drivers needed to be educated to consider the whole life cost of a car. While the purchase price of an electric car might be several thousand pounds more than a conventional one, it could be cheaper in the long run because of low operating costs.
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Everyone thinks that if they switch to an electric car, their transport will be that much cheaper, but you know the government or electric companies will find some way of raising your costs once everyone has gone electric.
All we'll be doing is swapping petrol for electric with the same cost.
Mark, Maidstone, UK
I bought an electric car with a Powershift Programme grant 8 years ago. It was a Peugeot 106. The car cost £14K, I paid £9K and the rest came from the government grant. I ran the car for 5 years but was forced to sell it due to the withdrawl of maintence support by Peugeot.
Jon Fuller, Westcliff on Sea, England
See this companies web site PMLFlightlink to what can be done with inwheel electric motors from a US Ford pickup truck, Volvo C30, BMW Mini and the Lightening a high performance sports car. The future is electric drive, with a small on board range extender generator of some form.
Good bye oil.
Peter, Windsor, UK
There is so much wrong here: electric cars for use in town? what's wrong with a bus or a bike?
To those of you who drive 90 miles to work or drive 250 miles a day, who pull 2.5 ton trailers for 100 miles - perhaps you should examine your lifestyles!
Phil Heath, Somerset, UK
Very few if any additional power stations would be required to provide the electricity for electric cars, as you could install a simple timer (with an override botton) to ensure that the charging took place during the night when the demand for electricity falls by a very large amount. Sign me up.
Maurice Patterson, Sheffield, UK
if all the cars in the UK were replaced by electric vehicleswe would need over 40 new nuclear power stations to supply them! So I guess its back to the bike.
JC, bedford, uk
I would happily *buy* an electric car which does for me what my LPG/petrol-fired car does: up to 250 miles daily at speeds of up to 70 mph with overnight recharge. Unfortunately, that's pure fantasy at the moment and for a few years yet..
Terry Dell, Weybridge, UK
strip-mining for lithium, now greenpeace approved?
ed, kingston, uk
m sure if these car if became cheaper will soon replacw petrol and diesel based cars
zulqarnain, BAHAWALPUR, Palistan
Hear Hear James, Wiltshire, UK!!
I have seen the Vetricx in action, Fantastic thing. Unfortunately due to affordability I'll have to go for the e-mAX scooter which has a range of 40miles. I only commute 7 miles to work. It'll be the best thing since sliced bread.
ANDREW EZEA, HACKNEY, LONDON
To those who say electric vehicles are no more carbon efficient than petrol / diesel. I ride a Vectrix maxi scooter with a top speed of over 100kmh that does 40 to 50 miles on about 10p worth of electricity. Generating that electricity is many times more efficient than burning a gallon of petrol
James, Wiltshire, UK
Well I'd happily give that a go. Just point me to the electric car that will happily cover 50+ miles a day over the fells along with the ground clearance to get to my house and the ability to tow 2.25ton easily for about 100miles and I'd have one. No wait just seen it's for urban folk only...Useful.
Phil Griffiths, Lake District, England
On the point of carbon footprint. I would be surprised if an electric car came close to half that of a normal car. Considering that they take less energy to make and even if charged from coal fired power are many times cleaner to drive. Lots of information available at evuk.co.uk and evworld.com
Graeme Church, Govan, Scotland
The car itself may give off only half the carbon dioxide, but that is only part of its carbon footprint. You need to add in how much carbon dioxide is emitted by the electricity generated to charge the battery. Overall, they are worse for the environment.
Horatio, London, UK
Where do I sign ?
M H Rashid, London, UK
If electric cars offered real benefits, demand for them would increase. No government had to bribe people to replace the horse by the car or the canal boat by the steam engine. They succeeded on their own merits.
Paul , northwich,
bring it on. i will have a go
terry, swanage uk,
Please tell me how the electricity is produced and the transmission loss to power points.Surely the existing route of kinetic generation is the sensible way forward.Window dressing comes to mind.
rogerb, bridport, uk
Where do I sign up?! I'd love to take part!
Liz, Bristol,
Battery exchange, "not wait a while" recharging is the answer to the travel limits of the electric car. Battery exchange means unlimited travel in a days journey . The test will prove nothing except confirm that too much time is spent charging batteries.
Jim Wills, Brisbane, Australia
Ok! I;m a school teacher and drive about 90 miles a day. round trip. Give your auto a real daily work out,. I've a 3 year old auto that is fast becoming a junk heap. an your stuff do any better??
john smith, Valencia, USA
hello I have just read all about the Families sought for new trial of electric cars where would I look to get involed in this can you help point me in the right area, also I am trying to look at finding out who are the top 250 companys with in the UK as with regards turn over / profit for a project
Ryan , Birmingham, Wes Mids